Slide



C. H. WIKLUND June 10, 1958 SLIDE 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Original Filed March 13 1951 INVENTOR BY Q - ATTORNEY d M W m m June 10, 1958 c; H, wl 2,837,851

SLIDE 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Original Filed March 13 1951 INVENTOR BY Z A; EORNEY June 10, 1958 c. H. WIKLUND 2,337,851

SLIDE Original Filed March 13, 1951 5 sheets sh et 5 1 y k \lh 7; M Q 4f 14 INVENTOR [217/ .17 fififluwr/ nimgc g w June 10, 1958 c. H. WIKLUND SLIDE 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Original Filed March 13, 1951 mm MK m r mY June 10, 1958 c, wlKLUND 2,837,851

SLIDE 5 h '-Sh 1; Original Filed March 13, 1951 s ee 5 INVENTOR SLIDE Carl H. Wiklund, New Rochelle, N. Y., assignor to Airequipt Manufacturing Co., Inc., New Rochelle, N. Y., a corporation of New York Original application March 13, 1951, Serial No. 215,371

now Patent No. 2,711,602, dated June 28, 1955. D1-

vided and this application January 17, 1955, Serial No.

1 Claim. c1. 40-152 The present invention, a division of my co-pending application Serial No. 215,371, filed March 13, 1951, and which on June 28, 1955, issued as Patent No. 2,711,- 602, relates generally to means for exhibiting transparent slides, and more particularly to means formoving such slides out of a magazine to viewing positioning, for thereafter returning them to the magazine, and for automatically advancing the magazine to present another slide.

Transparent slides are generally exhibited by aligning them with the optical system of a projector so as to throw a representation of the slide on a screen. It is a tedious operation to manually remove the slides from a box, place them in alignment with an optical system, and thereafter remove them from a projector and replace them in the box. In addition, the slides frequently become mixed up during replacement into the box, which requires sorting and replacing them in correct position for subsequent use.

It has been attempted to overcome difiiculties such as the above by the use of slide changing devices which remove the slides singly from a group for viewing and thereafter return them to the group or form them into a second group. Such previous devices have been objectionable for various reasons. Some have been too cumbersome for practical use, others have been limited to use with special projectors, and still others have been too expensive by reason oftheir complicated constructions.

The present invention aims to minimize or overcome the above and other difiiculties by providing a new and improved device of relatively simple and inexpensive construction and operation for moving slides from a magazine to a viewing position and thereafter returning them to the magazine, and which automatically advances the magazine each time an exhibited slide is returned to the magazine.

- An object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved slide changing device.

Another object of the invention is to provide new and improved frame-like holding means for slides.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device embodying a new and improved magazine for containing slides or slide holders.

Another object of the invention is to provide improved means for intermittently advancing a magazine.

. Still another object is to provide a slide changing device which embodies improved housing and shutter means.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a slide changing device of relatively simple construction and operation.

Other and further objects of the invention will'be obvious upon an understanding of the illustrative embodiment about to be. described, or will be indicated in the appended claim, and various advantages not referred to herein will occur to one skilled in the art upon employment of the invention in practice.

r,A, preferred'embodiment of the invention has been supporting and guiding means 1 contains a plurality of chosen for purposes of illustration and description and is shown in the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the specification, wherein: Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a bottom view of the magazine illustrated in Fig. l;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view taken along line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4-4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a frame-like slide holder used with the magazine illustrated in Figs. 1 through 4;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along line 6-'-6 of Fig. 5; V

Fig. 7 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view showing portions of the device for moving slide holders in and out of a magazine and for advancing the magazine;

Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 7 but showing the parts in a diiferent relationship;

Fig. 9 is an enlarged fragmentary view, partly in section, showing the mechanism for advancing a magazine;

Fig. 10 is a sectional view taken along the line 1010 of Fig. 9;

Figs. 11 and 12 are plan views similar to Fig. 9, but showing the parts of the magazine actuating mechanism in different relationships;

Fig. 13 is a vertical sectional view through the housing shown at the right side of Fig. 1;

Fig. 14 is a sectional view taken along line 14-14 Fig. 13;

Fig. 13; and

Fig. 16 is a perspective view showing elements of the: shutter illustrated in Figs. 13-15;

Referring more particularly to Fig. 1 there is shown a magazine supporting and guiding means 1 having a housing 2 projecting outwardly from one side the roof and a slide transferring means 4 projecting outwardly from an opposite side thereof. In usage the housingZ fits into a suitable slot or aperture in a projector (not shown), so that an aperture 5 in the housing aligns with a lens and source of light contained within the projector. Thus when a slide to be viewed is in alignment with the optical system, a representation will be thrown onto a screen (not shown). A magazine 7mounted on the slides mounted in individual frames or holders 8. When the handle 10 of the slide transferring means is moved toward the magazine, a transfer member ll-engages with a slide holder 8 and moves it out of the magazine 7 into the hollow housing 2. As the holder and its slide move into the housing, shutter means 13 carried by the housing is opened and light passes through the slide. As the transfer member 11 is movedback to an original position clear of the magazine 7 and its supporting means 1, it pulls theholder 8 out of the housing and returns it to its original location in the magazine.

As the transferring member 11 moves toward a fully withdrawn position there is actuated a mechanism,

I through sliding member 14 and sliding sleeve 15, for -advancing the magazine sufliciently to place a succeeding holder 8 in alignment with the housing 2 and; transfer member 11. This advancing movement of the magazine occurs at about the time the transfer member 11 moves out of engagement with a holder 8. The mechanism which advances the magazine is carried by the magazine support means 1 and is not shown in Fig. 1 as it,

is located beneath the magazine. The entire device and its operation will now be described in detail.

As mentioned above, each slide is carried in a framelike holder 8 and a plurality of these holders are car- Patented June 10, 1958 tied by meme-game. One of the holders is shown in detailin Figs; and- 6 and comprises a generally planar portion 18 with inwardly facing channels 19 and 20 extending along upper and lower edges thereof. Tabs 22 shown extending inwardly from opposite sidesjof the channels are adapted to resiliently engage a slide inserted into the channels and accurately position it in the holder, so that when the holder is aligned with the opticalsystem of a projector the film carried by the slide will be in sharp focus. An end of the holder may be turned inwardly to form a stop portion 23 for limiting the extent of movement of the slide into the holder. In addition, the edge 24 of the holder opposite to the stop portion 23 may be turned inwardly slightly so as to minimize the chances of accidental removal of the slide from the holder. One of the holder channels, shown in Figs; 5 and 6 as the bottom channel 20', extends beyond the stop portion 23 and forms a recess 25 for receiving a portion 26 of the transfer member 11 during removal ofitheiholder from .the' magazine and return to the magazine. The holder 8' may be formed by stamping and bending. them from thin sheets of aluminum alloy or similar material. a

The holders are adapted to contain any type of slide; for purposesiof convenience and illustration a well known type of slide is shown in Figs; 5 and 6 about to be inserted into a holder. The particular slide illustrated comprises apertured cardboard portions 28 holding a section of. film 29 in alignment with the aperture through the cardboard. The cardboard and its retained film may be inser'tedinto the open end of the holder and pushed into it until its edge abuts against the stop portion 23. The slide may comprise a pair of glass plates with the film between them. Regardless of the type or thickness ofv the slide the tabs 22 of the respective holders serve to locate the slide films in similar positions in the holders. Since each holder is accurately located in the same viewing position when in the housing 2, each film will be in sharp focus. To facilitate retaining the holder in a magazine, as will be later described, the holder is shown provided with indentations 29 atthe bottom of one of its channels. These engage with projections of the magazine and minimize unintentional removal from the magazine;

The magazine 7 for containing the holder is a generally box-like structure comprising top and bottom members 32sand 33, respectively, secured to end members 34. The bottom member is provided with a rack 35 extending along the length of the magazine and adapted to engage with a gear of the advancing mechanism to be later described. Each of the top and bottom members 32,; 33 carries transversely extending inwardly projection portions 37 for dividing the interior of the magazine into a plurality of separate divisions, each division being adapted to receive a single slide holder 8. These transversely extending portions 37 may be formed by striking inwardly portions of the top and bottom members. One side of the magazine is completely open for receiving the slide holder and the other is partially closed by a connecting member 38 which has an inwardly extending portion 39 serving as a stop to accurately slide the holders in alignment with each other upon their insertion into the magazine. The opening 40 thus provided beneath the connecting side member 38 permits insertion of the transfer member 11 into the magazine for removal and return of the slide holders.

Preferably each top and bottom member of the maga zine carries a spring plate 43, each plate being formed with. transversely extending slots. for receiving the in wardly extending projections 37 of the top and bottom members; intermediate each of the inwardly extending projections 37 the spring plates are bowed or struck inwardly to provide surfaces 44 for frictionally engaging upper and lower edges of the slide holders, and for fitting into indentations 29 of the holders. While Fig. 4 shows eachof the spring; plates provided with a pair of inwardly struck portions 44 preferably those adjacent the open edge of the magazine are omitted as this faeilitates insertion of the holders into the magazine, the inwardly disposed portions 44 being suflicient to retain the holders securely in position.

Any number of spaces or divisions may be provided by the inwardly extending projections 37 of the magazine, but about thirty-six has been found a convenient number as this gives a convenient size of magazine. The number of teeth in the rack 35 which extends along the bottom of the magazine is preferably such that when the rack is advanced one tooth, the magazine is advanced a distance sufficient to align a succeeding slide holder with the housing 2 and transfer member 11. An index card 47 may be mounted on top of the magazine, the index card being marked off in spaces corresponding to the divisions within the magazine. These spaces may be suitably numbered and identified to readily indicate the subject matter of the particular slide contained within a corresponding inner space of the magazine.

The slide holders may be inserted into the magazine by aligning them with the particular desired space in the magazine and pressing them inwardly, the recesses 25 at the lower edges of the holders being located adjacent the bottom member of the magazine so that they will be located adjacent the transferring member 11, as shown in Fig. 1. 7

When the transfer member 11 is fully withdrawn, so that it is clear of the magazine support 1, a magazine may be inserted endwise along a base portion 48 of the magazine support and its upwardly extending side wall portion 49. Inwardly extending flange portions 50 on the magazine support and side portions retain the magazine but do not prevent longitudinal movement of the magazine.

Accurate positioning of slide holders 8 in a magazine may be provided by tapering embossments 41, 42 on the side wall 49 of the magazine support. As the magazine moves holders 8 toward housing 2, any holder not fully seated comes into contact with an embossment and is gradually and automatically pushed to correct seated position.

When the magazine is on its supporting means it is' automatically positioned by the magazine advancing means, to be later described, so that a slide holder is in alignment with both the housing 2 and the transfer member 11. The transfer member is maintained in alignment with the housing 2 at all times by guide means 54, carried by the magazine support which extends upwardly along opposite sides of the transfer member. Thus, the transfer m'emberis held against movement in the direction of movement of the magazine.

As the transfer member is moved toward the housing,-

the transfer member moves into engagement with the recess 25 of the particular slide holder which is in alignment. Continued movement of the transfer member moves the particular holder out of the magazine and into the housing 2. Upon motion of the transfer member in an opposite direction, the holder is withdrawn from the housing and placed back in its particular space in the magazine. Near the end of its withdrawal movement the transfer member is elevated so that its projecting portion 26 moves up out of the holder recess 25. Shortly after the transfer member has moved clear of the holder, the advancing mechanism under the magazine moves the magazine one step forward so that a next succeeding slide holder comes into alignment with the housing and the transfer member.

Lifting and lowering of the transfer member during its reciprocation may be obtained by camsurfaees 56 on the transfer member which cooperate with a stationary stud 57 carried by the transfer member guiding means 54. As the transfer member moves inwardly a camsurface 56 traveling along the stationary stud 57 causes the inner. end of thetransferme'mber to move downwardly:

A-s'the transfer member" is withdrawn a reverse action inclined cam surfaces which lift and lower the-transfer member may be part of a groove 58 which extends gen erally lengthwise along the transfer member and into which the stud projects at all times.

The outer end of the transfer member may be rotatably supported in any suitable manner. As shown in Figs. 7 and 8 the outer end extends through an opening 59 in the handle member 10. The handle member 10 is carriedby a sliding member 14 which telescopes into a sliding sleeve 15. A retaining stud -61 prevents complete withdrawal of the sliding member from the sleeve. The sliding member 14 and sliding sleeve 15 located elow the transfer member are moved by the handle '10 in the same direction as the transfer member, and opcrate the magazine advancing or indexing mechanism. When the transfer member is fully inserted so that'i't extends across the magazine, the underlying sliding merit-- beran-d sliding sleeve are disposed'beneath the magazine base portions 48, as indicating in Fig. 9. In this relationship a stud 63 and roller 64 carried by the sliding sleeve are disposed at an innermost position with respect to the housing and magazine support.

As the handle of the slide transferring means is moved away from the magazine to withdraw the transfer member, the lower sliding sleeve 15 remains in the position indicated in Fig. 9 until the stud 61 carried by the sliding member 14 comes into contact with a stop portion 65 adjacent an outer end of the sliding sleeve. When this position is reached, the sliding sleeve. commences to be with-drawn from below the magazine support and the stud 63 and roller 64 travel along the surface of an adjacent cam lever follower 68 and come into contact with a. facing surface 69 of "a cam lever 70 which is pivoted for rotation about a stud 71. Continued movement of the sliding sleeve and its roller urges the cam lever 70 in clockwise direction and a pawl 72 carried by the cam lever presses against an adjacent tooth of a gear 75 which norm-ally meshes with the rack 35 at the underside of the magazine. The pawl 72 is rotatably mounted on a pin 76 but is held against rotation at this time by a stop port-ion 77 on the cam lever 70. Continued withdrawal of the sliding sleeve forces the pawl 72 to turn the gear 75 through a single tooth. As the gear 75 advances through one tooth, the magazine is also advanced a single step, due to the fact that its rack 35 meshes with the gear. A ratchet spring 80 holds the gear against rotation through more than a single tooth and in correct position for engagement by the pawl on a succeeding stroke of the transfer member and sliding sleeve. To insure against rotation of the gear through more than one tooth there is preferably provided a ratchet lever 81 movable about a pin 82. As the free end of the cam lever 70 I0- tates it comes into contact with the ratchet lever and turns the latter about its pin 82 so that its opposite end is forced in against the ratchet spring 80 to press it toward the gear 75. This pressing of the ratchet spring occurs at about the time the pawl 72 moves the gear and minimizes jumping of the gear. The relationship of the cam lever and pawl and sliding sleeve in fully withdrawn position of the sliding sleeve and transfer member is shown in Fig. 12.

When the transfer member 14 and sliding sleeve 15 are moved toward the housing 2 on a succeeding stroke for placing a slide holder in the housing, the pawl spring 85 shown in engagement with the cam lever follower 6'8 permits the pawl to slide over the adjacent tooth of the gear 75. The ratchet spring holds the gear in position during this return movement of the pawl to the opposite side of the gear. During movement of the sliding sleeve toward the housing, the stud 63 and roller 64 travel along A recess 27* in the transfer member receives adjacent wall portions ofthe slide'holder: The

ass-asst the rear of'the cam'lever follower 68. During this return movement the cam lever '70 is rotated about its mounting'pin, in counterclockwise direotion and in oppo'sition'to the 'cam lever spring' 73, to'the'position illustrated in Fig. 9. In the relationship'of "Fig. 9, the stud and roller of the sliding sleeve have moved outwardly to the front of the*cam lever follower 68 and are again in position for moving along the cam lever follower to engage the facing surface 69 of the cam lever in 'order to again turn the gear 75 through another tooth.

T The base portion 48 which supports the magazine is preferably cut out so as to receive the cam lever, cam

l'everfollower, cam lever spring, and the upwardly projecting stud and roller of the sliding sleeve. A cover plate 87 may riveted into positionover the indexing or advancing mechanism 'just described and the sliding sleeve may be guided by a portion of a base plate 88,

into it projects, and which also cooperates with the cover plate 87 in enclosing the operating mechanism.

' azine toward .the right.

The housing 2 is preferably secured in any suitable manner, for example by rivets, to the upwardly extending side wall 49 of the magazine support and guide.

A pair of interrengaged shutter members or leaves 90, 91 serve to close the aperture 13 of the housing. These shutter members are movable together and apart with respect to each other, being normally urged apart from each other by a spring 92 at the interior of one of the shutter members. The shutters are urged into position to block the aperture 13 of the housing by an additional spring 94 interposed between one end of the housing and one of the shutter members. Inwardly projecting portion 95 of the housing act as stops to limit the extent of movement of the shutter members by the shutter spring 94, which tends to move them over the aperture 13 through the housing.

When a slide holder is inserted into the housing 2 by the transfer member 11, an adjacent edge of the slide holder comes into contact with the shutter member and moves the shutter toward the closed end of the housing and out of registry with the housing aperture 13, in opposition to the effect of the spring 94 and in opposition to the spring 92 contained within the space between the shutter members 90 and 91. As the transfer member and a slide holder are moved back toward the magazine, the shutter springs cause the shutters to follow along behind the slide holder and close the opening 13 through the housing. In this manner bright illumination from the light source contained within a projector is prevented from striking the screen, which bends to momentarily blind a person.

Upper and lower springs 97 are preferably provided in the housing for urging a slide holder against one wall of the housing. In this manner each holder is held in the same position in the housing and the projector does not have to be re-focused to clearly show the slide picture on the screen. The lower spring preferably has a small projection 96 adapted to snap into the recess 27 at the end of transfer member 11, to thereby help hold it and a slide holder in viewing position.

Various shapes and sizes of attachment brackets may be provided to properly support the housing 2 in position on a projector. In Fig. 14 there is indicated in dot dash lines a bracket that may be used with one projector.

Preferably each of the auxiliary attachment brackets the adjacent curved surface of the cam lever 70, at

has a tab which may extend through; anaperture 98 in the housing}, and-maythave other tabs to fit over suitable porti'ons of the housing. I The operationof the present slide changing means has been described inconnection with the construction of the slide changer and hence repetition of the opera tion at this point would be superfluous.

It will be seen that the present invention provides a new arid improved slide changing means ofrelatively simple and inexpensive construction arid operation. Simple means is provided forengaging and interlocking with a slide holder during transfer of it to and from viewing position. Each slide is protected by an individual holder.

Improved means is provided for automaticaly advancing to movement of slides in and out of the housing. The" relatively simple and rugged construction of the present slide changing means enables it to stand up well under any rough usage to which it may be subjected.

As various changes may be made in the form, con? stru'ction and arrangement of the parts herein without departing from the 'spiritand scope of the invention and Without sacrificing any of its advantages, it is to be understood that all matter herein is to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

Having" thus described my invention, I claim:

A slide holder for insertion into a magazine divided into parallel slide holderaccommodating sections and lower po'rtion-of-the opposite side of the magazine open to allow access to slide 'holdersin the sections by a slide transfer member comprising the combination of a-one piece rectangular frame, the top and bottom of said frame comprising inwardly facing channels with a width corresponding generally to the width of the magazine accommodating sections to allow the slide holder to slide in and out of the accommodating sections, one end of the frame bottom channel extending beyond the adjacent frame side at the corner and having an end piece extending across the channel adapted to engage the slide transfer member, the opposite end of said frame bottom channel being open, the end of the frame top channel above the open end of the lower channel being open to permit the insertion of slides, a stop member on the frame side opposite the :open channel ends, and a stop member on the frame side adjacent to the open channel ends extending outwardly from said rectangular frame for adistance equal to only a portion of the width of said channels to removably retain a slide in said channels,

and at least one of said channels having integral yieldable projections extending into the channel to yieldably engage slides inserted in the slide holder.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,125,393 Proulx Jan. 19, 1919 1,605,245 Lehman Nov. 2, 1926 2,076,924 Spindler Apr. 13, 1937 2,375,706 Stechbart et al. May 8, 1945 2,594,162 Hartley Apr. 22, 1952 2,682,722 Waller July 6, 1954 

